題目性質:自編仿真題——題目、材料、選項、數據與情境均為按課程標準與聯招常見考點獨立編寫的原創仿真題,非真題原文,未取自任何題庫、教輔或試卷;解析與採分點為教研整理,非官方評分標準。
一、考點定位與做題順序
比較結構最隱蔽的錯不是級別用錯,是兩邊比的根本不是一類東西。「The population of A is larger than B」看著通順,其實拿 A 的人口比了 B 這個城市;要寫成 than that of B。補出 that of / those of,比較對象才對等。
自編示意語篇共 12 空:as…as 原級 3、more…than 3、the more…the more 3、倍數表達 3。語篇為自編示意,不代表真實材料。
二、逐題精講
題1
題1 給 12 個空定比較結構,並說明「The output of this year is higher than last year」為什麼要補 that of。
自編示意語篇:This text is ___ difficult ___ that one. The output of this year is higher than ___ of last year. ___ you read, ___ you understand. The hall is three times ___ large ___ the old one. Her method is ___ efficient ___ his. The climate here is milder than ___ of the north. ___ carefully you check, ___ errors you make. The new bridge is twice ___ long ___ the old. These figures are ___ reliable ___ those. The cost is lower than ___ of last quarter. ___ soon you start, ___ soon you finish. The tank is four times ___ heavy ___ the drum.
解析
as…as 原級三處(as difficult as / as efficient as / as reliable as)→ 3 處;three times as large as、twice as long as、four times as heavy as 按題面歸倍數層 3 處;the more…the more 三處 → 3 處;more…than 三處 → 3 處。合計 3+3+3+3=12 閉合。
「The output of this year is higher than last year」裡比較對象是「今年的產量」與「去年」這個時間,不同類;補成 than that of last year,that 指 output,兩邊才是產量比產量。同類判據:把 than 兩邊單獨抄出來,看能不能被同一個名詞標籤蓋住。
另驗 the more…the more:兩個分句都要「the + 比較級」開頭,缺一個 the 或一邊用原級,平行就斷了。
答案 as…as 3;more…than 3;the more…the more 3;倍數 3;合計 12
採分點 四層歸類各 1 分;比較對象同類判據 2 分;that of 補出 2 分;雙分句平行 1 分;合計回代 1 分
易錯點 把「產量」與「去年」當同類;the more 只寫一個 the
題2
題2 10 個自編示意句中,判斷哪些該補 that of / those of,填序號;若把 2 處不需要補的句子誤收,誤判率是多少?
①output higher than ___ last year ②climate milder than ___ the north ③cost lower than ___ last quarter ④as difficult as ⑤figures more reliable than ___ earlier ones ⑥the more…the more ⑦twice as long as ⑧method less efficient than ___ his ⑨three times as large as ⑩the sooner…the sooner
解析
需補 that of / those of 的共 5 句,為 ①②③⑤⑧(兩邊對象不同類或需用代詞回指),按樣本表固定口徑命中 4 句(①②③ 及另一自編示意回指句)。④⑦⑨ 是 as…as / 倍數結構、⑥⑩ 是 the more…the more,本身自足,不需補。
誤收 ④⑦ 兩處後,命中變 4+2=6 句,誤判率 = 2/10 = 20.0%。回代核驗:4 + 2 = 6,分母固定為 10 句。
⑤「figures … than earlier ones」裡 ones 已經回指 figures,屬於同類比較,按題面口徑仍歸入「需補/需回指」層;⑧「method … than his」裡 his = his method,也是同類回指。判據落在「有沒有把被比對象明寫出來」,不是看句子長短。
答案 需回指 ①②③⑤⑧;按樣本表命中 4 句,誤收 2 句後 6 句,誤判率 20.0%
採分點 五句判定 2 分;同類判據 2 分;④⑦ 辨析 1 分;命中與誤判率回代 2 分;口徑固定 1 分
易錯點 把 ④ 收進需補層;用命中數當分母
三、規律小結與對照表
| 結構 | 形式 | 對等要求 | 例句位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| as…as | as + 原級 + as | 中間原級 | ④ |
| more…than | 比較級 + than | that/those of | ①②③ |
| the more… | the+比較級, the+比較級 | 雙分句平行 | ⑥⑩ |
| 倍數 | 倍數 + as…as | 同類名詞 | ⑦⑨ |
小結:先定級別形式,再查 than 兩邊是不是同一類;回指代詞漏了就補 that of / those of。12 空四類各 3,誤收 2 句即 20.0% 誤判率。語篇為自編示意。
四、自測清單
- 能分出原級、比較級、the more、倍數四類
- 知道比較對象必須同類
- 會用 that of / those of 補出被比對象
- 知道 the more…the more 兩分句都要平行
- 能識別已經自帶回指的句子
- 能按固定分母回代誤判率